Will You Be OK If Your Bank "Fails"?

If you haven't heard, a major West Coast bank IndyMac has been taken over by the government. There has been a small panic as many customers made a "run" on the bank--meaning they withdrew large amounts of money at once. Most banks cannot sustain such a large withdrawal amount over a small time period.

Not long ago, when banks failed, they went away. In today's age, the government tries to stem public panic by taking over the bank when it fails. Usually the FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) sends officials to assume the roles of executives (like CEO, CFO, etc) until the government can find another bank to purchase the assets of the failed bank.

You may be familiar with the FDIC--this is a government-run insurance corporation. Usually they have a sticker on the outside of your local bank, assuring that your accounts are insured up to at least $100,000. If you have an IRA (Individual Retirement Account) the government bumps it up to $250,000. There is also a lesser-known SIPC (Securities Investor Protection Corporation) which insures any stocks, bonds, CDs, etc up to $500,000.

So what does all that mean to you? Well..

It's time for this weeks episode of 'What Do We Learn'?

SCENARIO 1
Let's say you have $400,000 in cash in one account at JustTrustUs (JTU) Bank. If you're a regular reader here I don't know why you'd do that, but follow me. If JTU fails and is taken over by the government, how much money would you get back?

If you got the same deal the IndyMac customers got, you'd get $100,000 + 50% of the balance--in other words $100,000+($400,000-$100,000)*0.5 = $250,000. So you won't be starving, but you'll be out $150,000, which is nothing to sneeze at.


SCENARIO 2
Let's say that instead you take your $400,000 in cash and take half of it out of JTU bank and you deposit it into GiveusSome (GUS) Bank across the street. Now you have $200,000 each in JTU and GUS. Now what happens?

If only one bank fails (JTU):
JTU (failed) will give you 100K + (200K-100K)*0.5 = 150K
GUS (OK) will still have: 200K
You now have 350K!

If both fail:
You'd have 300K (through similar math).

So basically, you save 50-100K of your money by simply splitting. Not bad, but you can see where we are going here. If you have large amounts of cash and don't want to invest it, never have more than 100K in one account in one bank. Spread the wealth across several banks. With securities that you have invested, you should talk to your account holder about splitting the account if you are worried that it will fail --but be assured that established national companies most likely (emphasis on most likely) will not fail.

What do we learn?
- Never keep more than $100,000 in cash in one bank.
- Be cautious when keeping millions of dollars in one mutual fund or IRA.
- And if you have significantly less than 100K, let alone in one bank..relax, you're insured.